Research, white papers, reports, and presentations on data centers, energy, and modern infrastructure from around the world.
Government Report·International Energy Agency (IEA)·16 April 2026·Market, Policy & Sustainability
A special World Energy Outlook report by the International Energy Agency examining the relationship between AI development and energy. It analyses growth in data-centre electricity consumption and capital expenditure, the physical constraints on scaling AI infrastructure, power-supply options, and implications for energy systems, prices and emissions. It also considers AI’s impact on energy and industrial efficiency, as well as demand scenarios through 2030.
AI data centersData center power supplyGrid interconnectionLiquid cooling
Details →Government Report·International Energy Agency (IEA)·6 February 2026·Market, Policy & Sustainability
An executive summary of the IEA’s industry outlook for global electricity demand and power-system development through 2030. Data centers and AI are identified as major drivers of accelerating demand, particularly in advanced economies and the United States. The report examines how growing concentrated loads affect generation, grid infrastructure, system flexibility, affordability and security of supply.
Data CentersAI InfrastructureData Center Power SupplyPower Grids
Details →Government Report·Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory·June 2016·Market, Policy & Sustainability
This Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory study, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Federal Energy Management Program, estimates energy use by U.S. data centers from 2000 to 2020. The model covers servers, storage systems, networking equipment, and facility infrastructure, using data on the installed base of IT equipment and PUE by facility type. The report compares the current trend with a counterfactual scenario in which 2010 efficiency levels are maintained, and examines the potential of improved management, best practices, and workload migration to hyperscale data centers.
Data center energy consumptionPUEHyperscale data centersEnergy efficiency
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