Research

Research, white papers, reports, and presentations on data centers, energy, and modern infrastructure from around the world.

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Power & Energy Supply 8 Cooling & Thermal 2 Facility Design & Construction 2 IT & AI Infrastructure 1 Operations & Efficiency 1 Market, Policy & Sustainability 5

Grid connection 4 On-site generation 5 Energy storage (BESS) 2 Microgrids & flexibility 5 Power distribution (AC/DC) 1

Academic PaperarXiv (preprint)28 September 2026Power & Energy Supply

Long-Term Operational Planning Using Scenario-Based System Load Forecasting

This technical paper from Dominion Energy examines how scenario-based system-load forecasts at different time granularities can support long-term assessment of planned transmission outages. It is set against rapid growth in hyperscale data-center and AI load in Northern Virginia, which requires new and reinforced grid infrastructure. The authors compare the conventional use of monthly or seasonal peak demand with coordinated daily, weekly, and monthly forecasts, finding that the latter can enable more outage coordination without weakening the N-1 reliability criterion.

AI data-center loadLarge-load interconnectionPlanned grid outagesTransmission grid

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White PaperAVK; Wärtsilä EnergySeptember 2025Power & Energy Supply

Data Centre Dispatchable Capacity: A Major Opportunity for Europe’s Energy Transition

This AVK and Wärtsilä Energy white paper examines constrained grid capacity as a major barrier to the expansion of European data centres, particularly facilities serving AI workloads. It proposes on-site microgrids combining dispatchable generation, BESS and renewables to accelerate site energisation before—or independently of—a grid connection. The paper compares power-system scenarios and four supply configurations for a representative AI data centre in terms of cost, reliability, land use and carbon footprint.

Data Centre Power SupplyAI Data CentresMicrogridsDispatchable Generation

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