Research

Research, white papers, reports, and presentations on data centers, energy, and modern infrastructure from around the world.

White Paper Government Report Presentation Technical Report Industry Report Academic Paper Analytical Paper

By publication date Recently added By usefulness

Power & Energy Supply 8 Cooling & Thermal 2 Facility Design & Construction 2 IT & AI Infrastructure 1 Operations & Efficiency 1 Market, Policy & Sustainability 5

Grid connection 4 On-site generation 5 Energy storage (BESS) 2 Microgrids & flexibility 5 Power distribution (AC/DC) 1

White PaperOpen Compute Project FoundationMarch 2026Power & Energy Supply

Low-Voltage DC Power Distribution for Data Center Infrastructure

This Open Compute Project white paper examines low-voltage DC (LVDC) power-distribution architectures for data centers amid rapid growth in AI workloads and rack power density. It compares staged pathways from conventional AC power to DC distribution, covering power-conversion boundaries, grounding, protection, energy storage, reliability, and grid interaction. Rather than prescribing a single topology, the document establishes a technical framework for data center operators, designers, manufacturers, utilities, and regulators.

Data CentersAI InfrastructureLVDCDC Power Distribution

Details →

White PaperAVK; Wärtsilä EnergySeptember 2025Power & Energy Supply

Data Centre Dispatchable Capacity: A Major Opportunity for Europe’s Energy Transition

This AVK and Wärtsilä Energy white paper examines constrained grid capacity as a major barrier to the expansion of European data centres, particularly facilities serving AI workloads. It proposes on-site microgrids combining dispatchable generation, BESS and renewables to accelerate site energisation before—or independently of—a grid connection. The paper compares power-system scenarios and four supply configurations for a representative AI data centre in terms of cost, reliability, land use and carbon footprint.

Data Centre Power SupplyAI Data CentresMicrogridsDispatchable Generation

Details →

White PaperCummins Inc.November 2024Power & Energy Supply

Evolution of Data Center Onsite Power Use

This Cummins white paper examines the shift in data center onsite power systems from traditional emergency backup toward an active-standby model. It identifies decarbonization and shortages of grid capacity and transmission capability—particularly acute in Europe and North America—as the key drivers. The paper considers cleaner fuels and generation technologies, energy storage, fuel cells, and microgrid controls that could enable data centers to support the grid without moving to continuous onsite generation.

Data Center Power SupplyOnsite GenerationActive StandbyGrid Constraints

Details →

White PaperSiemens Gas and PowerSeptember 2019Power & Energy Supply

On-site Power Generation for Data Centers: How Gas Turbines Deliver Maximum Availability

This Siemens Gas and Power white paper examines on-site generation of electricity and cooling for data centers as an alternative to reliance on a constrained or unreliable external grid. Its main focus is on modular gas-turbine solutions, including open-cycle and combined-cycle configurations, combined heat and power (CHP) with absorption cooling, redundancy, and operational lifecycle considerations. The paper also outlines approaches to planning, EPC delivery, service, and decarbonization through biofuels and hydrogen.

Data centersOn-site generationGas turbinesCombined Cycle

Details →